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特别注重仪式感的人，是注重形式大于内容的人——这样的人比较虚荣和在意别人的看法。

人在不健康的状态，不仅严重影响生活，还会变得脆弱。很多困难平时咬咬牙扛过去了，身体不健康人的心理就很容易崩溃。年轻时没人把身体当回事，等透支出问题了，才追悔莫及。 身体有小毛病，定期体检，积极治疗。失去了健康，活着就是一种折磨。不健康，你拥有再多也意义不大。 ...

如果一个人没有相应的基因、没有后天良好的教育，那么这类人，是永远没办法通过「讲道理」来沟通的。 只能接受这样的客观事实，只能像动物学家研究生物习性那样，去摸清其他人类的行为特征，将他们视为一种普通动物，用各种各样的手段去控制他们，达成自己的目的。 ...

不管思考什么事，最重要的是在一开始就想明白要搭建出怎样的框架。 事实上，一旦有了框架，接下来只要填满就行了。 反之，如果没框架就直接去思考其中的细节,那就不得不面对一堆未经梳理的凌乱信息，白白浪费时间。 ...

usually are full of very similar competitors, fighting it out over price and marginal differences. This saturation makes it hard to enter a market, and even the businesses that are already in that market suffer.

I believe that many bootstrapped businesses only do half the work. They solve a problem, but they don’t address the most critical problem.

You built a solution for customers who think they have that problem under control. You solved the wrong problem. You developed a solution that helps only at the margins. You solved the wrong problem. You built something, but your customers have bigger fish to fry. You solved the wrong problem.

You want to build a “need-to-have” instead of a “nice-to-have.” You want to develop a painkiller instead of a vitamin. You want to be their aspirin. How can this be done? By finding their most important problem: the one issue that is critical to their success. ...

The most crucial problem a customer faces is on their minds most often. It’s the most important because it’s coming up frequently and is never easy to solve. It has the most impact on their lives, but it’s not always the obvious choice. If you can help a customer with their most critical problem, they will benefit the most.

A Critical Problem Is Painful Problems can be a nuisance. They come up, and you either deal with them or ignore them. We can’t ignore critical problems. They persistently make the lives of those who have them harder until they are resolved. They can’t be just ignored, because they consistently reduce the quality of life.

Find the critical problem where ignoring something causes a lower quality of life.

Find the critical problem at the intersection of something mandatory and something wasteful. 关键问题总是位于强制与浪费的交叉点

A Critical Problem Is Not Optional Some things can be ignored or delegated, but a critical problem can’t be. If it’s critical, people will have to deal with the problem every time it occurs. They can’t just opt out of it. Solving the problem is essential to making any kind of progress in the work. Find the critical problem where people would love to opt out, but can’t. ...

Find the critical problem where people need to do the same thing over and over again. A Critical Problem Occurs Frequently and Repeatedly The reason why critical problems are always on the minds of your customers is that the problems happen so often. Every day, every week, every month, the critical problems repeatedly occur. For your customers, it’s always the most urgent thing at that time. The issue needs to be solved there and then, every single time. If it’s not frequent, it is likely not a critical problem. If it occurs repeatedly and isn’t easily solved, it is likely to be a critical problem. ...

Find the critical problem where solving a problem takes a long time every time the problem occurs. A Critical Problem Takes up Too Much Time If a problem can be solved quickly, people either solve it the moment it appears or they set aside some time to do the work in a batch later, without feeling like it’s a waste of time. If that is the case, the problem is not really critical. Only when you need to spend considerable time and effort each time you solve the problem will it be impossible to “just” deal with it. “Doing it later” also turns into a chore, as it may take hours or days to deal with a long queue of deferred problems. A critical problem will feel like an unwelcome chore: important, yet tiresome. ...

There’s a joke that every SaaS product is essentially an Excel spreadsheet turned into business logic. When someone uses generic tools such as word processors or spreadsheets to solve a problem, it indicates that the problem is significant enough to warrant building specialized tools. Most problems aren’t highly complex and can often be resolved immediately. However, a critical issue will require developing a more sophisticated system. If your customers are using piles of Post-it notes or a disorganized mix of Word and Excel files to address a problem, you might have identified a key pain point. ...

Customer Preferences for Problem Solving Customers often find alternative ways to solve non-critical problems because they want to save money. It’s not worth their while to seek and pay for a solution that they value less than the alternatives. When Customers Are Willing to Pay If the solution saves them time. If the solution saves them money. If the solution helps them make more money.

Finding the Critical Problem So, how can you learn about which is the most critical problem your customers have? It’s quite straightforward: talk to them. Ask them what annoys them most. Find out where they want to be. Ask them what keeps them from being the best at what they are doing.

If you find something that will obviously make them significantly more money or save them a lot of time, then you have something to go on. Customers should really want to pay for it, almost have a burning desire to open their wallets. When they ask you if that is possible and you tell them it is, their mouth should drop to the floor.

Focus on what you can help them accomplish. Ask what customers want and which state they want to be in when the work is done. Don’t focus too much on the “how it’s done.” That is usually more based on tradition than on an optimized process.