• Use free or low-cost tools. For example, you can build cross-platform apps with frameworks like React Native which don’t require paying for multiple native platforms. Use free graphics tools like GIMP instead of Photoshop.
  • Validate your app idea first. Get feedback from target users before investing time and money into full development. Create mockups or prototypes to gauge interest.
  • Consider freelancers instead of full-time staff. Hire affordable freelancers to help with things like graphics, marketing, etc.
  • Leverage app marketplaces like App Store and Google Play. They make distribution easy without needing your own marketing budget.
  • Use free promotion channels. Promote your app on social media, forums, blogs relevant to your niche. Reach out to influencers and the press.
  • Monetize with ads. Mobile ads through networks like AdMob can provide revenue even for free apps.
  • Build up over time and reinvest revenue. Start lean, prove the concept, then grow organically by reinvesting any profits.
  • Consider crowdfunding. Run a Kickstarter campaign to fund development costs and assess demand.
  • Look for startup grants and investments. Apply to app startup funding programs and pitch to angel investors once you have traction.

The key is to start small, validate demand, leverage free/low-cost tools and use creativity instead of big capital initially when bootstrapping your app busine